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Abstract:

Босния и Герцеговина, Косово и Сербия с 1990-х годов используют стратегии и тактики решения проблем безопасности, формируя различные международные альянсы и внешнеполитические союзы, что влияет на обеспечение безопасности на местном и региональном уровне. Эти страны заявляют, что стремятся к безопасности и процветанию посредством евроатлантической интеграции, но при этом применяют по отношению друг к другу гибридную войну, национализм, враждебную риторику и нагнетают страх, несмотря на движение к членству в ЕС и НАТО. 

Мы проанализируем, способствует ли такое противоречивое поведение достижению этими странами заявленных целей, или же, напротив, непреднамеренно усугубляет положение дел в сфере безопасности в регионе, разжигая соперничество и усиливая напряжённость, несмотря на общие структуры и заявленные цели сотрудничества. Отмечая традиционную дилемму безопасности, мы рассмотрим эти вопросы, отслеживая развитие ситуации в сфере безопасности и тактику обороны (наступления) на Западных Балканах. Мы покажем, как историческое и политическое наследие в сочетании с неоднозначной внешнеполитической обстановкой и различными проявлениями дефицита демократии могут повышать вероятность провоцирования некоторыми государствами ответных действий других государств, что ведёт к гонке вооружений, или дилемме безопасности. В исследовании также показано, что малые государства Западных Балкан могут укрепить свою безопасность посредством скоординированной реакции на общие риски и организационно оформленного регионального сотрудничества. Стратегические основы, согласующиеся с принципами ЕС и НАТО, позволяют этим государствам превращать коллективные обязательства в эффективные меры безопасности, тем самым укрепляя национальную оборону и стабильность в регионе.

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Лули, Элира. (2025 г.) 2024. «Малые страны и их выбор: Игра в безопасность или региональное сотрудничество под общим знаменем?». Connections: The Quarterly Journal 23 (4): 103-26. doi:https://doi.org/10.11610/Connections.rus.23.4.06.
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